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Women’s Sexual Health Services

Introduction and Overview

The Women’s Sexual Health Services at Nottingham Road Clinic provide specialist-led assessment and management for a wide range of sexual and reproductive health concerns affecting women at different stages of life. Sexual health is closely linked to physical wellbeing, hormonal balance, pelvic health, emotional health
and personal relationships. Symptoms are often multifactorial, sensitive in nature
and may be under-reported or inadequately addressed within general
healthcare settings.
The service is delivered by clinicians with expertise in women’s sexual and reproductive health, working within a structured, evidence-based clinical framework. Care focuses on accurate diagnosis, addressing contributing medical and psychological factors, and developing individualised management plans that prioritise safety, dignity and long-term wellbeing.
Assessment and management are supported by access to diagnostics including pelvic examination, ultrasound imaging, laboratory testing and cervical screening, alongside clear referral pathways to gynaecology, radiology, physiotherapy, mental health and pain services when required. Where appropriate, the service interfaces with NHS pathways to support continuity of care and onward treatment.
The overall approach is holistic and multidisciplinary, recognising that sexual health symptoms may reflect hormonal change, underlying gynaecological conditions, pelvic floor dysfunction, chronic pain, psychological distress or systemic illness. Care is coordinated to address symptoms comprehensively rather than in isolation.

Introduction and Overview

The Women’s Sexual Health Services at Nottingham Road Clinic provide specialist-led assessment and management for a wide range of sexual and reproductive health concerns affecting women at different stages of life. Sexual health is closely linked to physical wellbeing, hormonal balance, pelvic health, emotional health and personal relationships. Symptoms are often multifactorial, sensitive in nature and may be under-reported or inadequately addressed within general healthcare settings.

The service is delivered by clinicians with expertise in women’s sexual and reproductive health, working within a structured, evidence-based clinical framework. Care focuses on accurate diagnosis, addressing contributing medical and psychological factors, and developing individualised management plans that prioritise safety, dignity and long-term wellbeing.

Assessment and management are supported by access to diagnostics including pelvic examination, ultrasound imaging, laboratory testing and cervical screening, alongside clear referral pathways to gynaecology, radiology, physiotherapy, mental health and pain services when required. Where appropriate, the service interfaces with NHS pathways to support continuity of care and onward treatment.

The overall approach is holistic and multidisciplinary, recognising that sexual health symptoms may reflect hormonal change, underlying gynaecological conditions, pelvic floor dysfunction, chronic pain, psychological distress or systemic illness. Care is coordinated to address symptoms comprehensively rather than in isolation.

Who the Service Is For

The Women’s Sexual Health Services are suitable for adults presenting with sexual or intimate health concerns that require specialist assessment beyond routine primary care.

This includes women who experience:

  • Ongoing or recurrent sexual pain, discomfort or changes in sexual function
  • Vulvovaginal symptoms that have not resolved with initial treatment
  • Concerns related to libido, arousal or sexual wellbeing
  • Sexual health issues associated with hormonal change, contraception or medical treatments
  • Complex or recurrent infections, bleeding or pelvic symptoms
  • Anxiety, distress or relationship impact related to sexual health concerns

Specialist input is particularly appropriate when symptoms are persistent, multifactorial, recurrent, associated with hormonal or pelvic conditions, or where initial treatments have not been effective. The service supports both self-pay and privately insured patients and provides clear clinical information for GP and referrer audiences, including guidance on investigation, management and onward referral.

Conditions Assessed and Managed

The service assesses and manages a broad range of women’s sexual health conditions, incorporating physical, hormonal and psychosocial considerations.

Vulvovaginal and sexual pain conditions
These may present with pain during intercourse, persistent discomfort, burning, soreness or sensitivity. Causes can include vulvodynia, vestibulodynia, recurrent infections, dermatological conditions, pelvic floor muscle dysfunction or hormonal deficiency. Pain may significantly affect intimacy, confidence and quality of life and often requires specialist assessment to identify contributing factors.

Changes in libido, arousal and sexual response
Reduced sexual desire or arousal may be influenced by hormonal changes, stress, relationship factors, medication side effects, fatigue or underlying medical conditions. These concerns are common but frequently unaddressed. Specialist assessment helps distinguish hormonal, physical and psychological contributors and supports appropriate management.

Hormone-related sexual health concerns
Hormonal fluctuations associated with contraception, perimenopause, menopause or endocrine conditions can affect vaginal comfort, lubrication, sensitivity and libido. These symptoms may progress without treatment and respond well to targeted hormonal or non-hormonal therapies.

Abnormal vaginal bleeding and discharge
Bleeding after intercourse, between periods or after menopause, and persistent abnormal discharge require careful assessment to exclude infection, cervical pathology or other gynaecological causes. While many causes are benign, timely investigation is clinically important.

Sexually transmitted and genital infections
The service assesses recurrent or complex infections, persistent symptoms following treatment, and sexual health concerns requiring specialist evaluation. This includes careful testing, interpretation of results and appropriate treatment planning.

Pelvic floor and associated conditions
Pelvic floor dysfunction may contribute to sexual pain, reduced sensation, urinary symptoms or difficulty with intercourse. These symptoms are often linked to childbirth, surgery, hormonal change or chronic pelvic pain and benefit from multidisciplinary assessment.

Red-flag symptoms
Urgent or priority assessment is indicated for symptoms such as post-coital or postmenopausal bleeding, unexplained pelvic pain, vulval lesions, significant pain escalation, or symptoms associated with systemic illness. Early identification supports timely investigation and referral.

Clinical Assessment and Diagnostic Approach

Assessment begins with a detailed, sensitive clinical history, recognising the personal and sometimes distressing nature of sexual health concerns. History-taking focuses on symptom characteristics, duration, triggers, impact on daily life and relationships, and any associated gynaecological, hormonal or systemic symptoms.

Physical examination may include:

  • Abdominal and pelvic examination where appropriate
  • External and internal genital examination, conducted sensitively and only with informed consent
  • Assessment for signs of infection, inflammation, dermatological conditions or pelvic floor tension

Diagnostic pathways are guided by clinical findings and may include:

  • Vaginal and cervical swabs for infection or screening
  • Blood tests to assess hormonal status, endocrine factors or systemic contributors
  • Pelvic ultrasound to evaluate uterine, ovarian or pelvic pathology
  • Cervical screening where indicated or overdue
  • Referral for specialist investigations when required

All investigations align with national clinical guidance, with a focus on avoiding unnecessary testing while ensuring serious conditions are excluded or identified promptly.

Treatments, Procedures and Management Pathways

Management is individualised and evidence-based, reflecting diagnosis, symptom burden, medical history and patient preference.

Treatment options may include:

  • Hormonal therapies, such as local vaginal oestrogen or systemic hormonal treatment when clinically appropriate
  • Non-hormonal treatments for vaginal symptoms, lubrication, pain or sensitivity
  • Medical treatment of infections or inflammatory conditions
  • Advice on lifestyle factors, sexual practices and symptom management strategies
  • Pelvic health physiotherapy referral for muscle dysfunction, pain or associated urinary symptoms
  • Psychological or psychosexual support where anxiety, trauma or relationship factors contribute to symptoms

Conservative approaches are prioritised where appropriate, with interventional or procedural pathways considered when clinically indicated. Follow-up arrangements ensure response to treatment is monitored, side effects are managed and care plans are adjusted as needed.

Multidisciplinary Working and Onward Referral

Physiotherapy at NRC is delivered within a multidisciplinary framework. The service works closely with:

  • Orthopaedic and surgical teams
  • Radiology for imaging-guided diagnosis
  • Pain management services
  • Neurology services
  • Primary care
  • NHS rehabilitation services where onward care is required

This integrated approach ensures physiotherapy is aligned with broader clinical care and supports coordinated rehabilitation.

What Patients Can Expect from an Appointment

Appointments are clinician-led and structured to allow sufficient time for open discussion and assessment.

Patients can expect:

  • A confidential and supportive consultation
  • Detailed discussion of symptoms, medical history and concerns
  • Examination only where clinically appropriate and with full explanation
  • Clear communication of findings and next steps
  • Development of a personalised management plan, including treatment options and follow-up

Written communication is provided to patients and referrers to support clarity and continuity of care.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are sexual health symptoms common?
Yes. Many women experience sexual health concerns at some point, particularly during hormonal transitions or following medical or life changes.

Will I need an examination?
Examination is not always necessary. It is performed only when clinically appropriate and with informed consent.

Can sexual pain be treated effectively?
In many cases, symptoms improve significantly once underlying contributing factors are identified and addressed through tailored treatment.

Are hormonal treatments always required?
No. Many symptoms respond well to non-hormonal treatments or multidisciplinary approaches.

Can this service support menopause-related sexual health concerns?
Yes. Hormonal and non-hormonal sexual health issues associated with menopause are routinely assessed and managed.

Will my GP be informed?
With patient consent, clear correspondence is shared with primary care to support ongoing management.

Can private assessment link into NHS care?
Yes. Findings and investigations can be used to support NHS referrals or shared care where appropriate.

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